PT Journal AU Chatti, M Lukarov, V Thüs, H Muslim, A Yousef, A Wahid, U Greven, C Chakrabarti, A Schroeder, U TI Learning Analytics: Challenges and Future Research Directions SO eleed PY 2014 VL 10 IS 1 DE context modeling; e-learning; educational data mining; learning analytics; lifelong learner modeling; open assessment; personalization; seamless learning AB In recent years, learning analytics (LA) has attracted a great deal of attention in technology-enhanced learning (TEL) research as practitioners, institutions, and researchers are increasingly seeing the potential that LA has to shape the future TEL landscape. Generally, LA deals with the development of methods that harness educational data sets to support the learning process. This paper provides a foundation for future research in LA. It provides a systematic overview on this emerging field and its key concepts through a reference model for LA based on four dimensions, namely data, environments, context (what?), stakeholders (who?), objectives (why?), and methods (how?). It further identifies various challenges and research opportunities in the area of LA in relation to each dimension. ER